Steam-turbine.



PATENTBD MAY 10 1904.

G. CODE.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 6. 1902. RENEWED 00127, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

PATENTED MAY 10, 1904.

G! CODE. STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION rum) AUG. 6. 1902. RENEWED 0M. 7. 190a.

' 2 sums-BR31112- NO IODEL.

YINVEIN'TDH- \X/ITNEESEE fl -1% UNITED STATES Patented May 10, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE CODE, OF MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE AS- SIGNMENTS, OF ONE-HALF TO WALTER B. PELTON, OF BOSTON, MAS- SAOHUSETTS.

STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 759,420, dated May 10, 1904.

Application filed August 6,1?02. Renewed October 7,1903. Serial No. 176,152. (No model.)

To all whom, 2'23 may concern:

bine; and it consists in theimprovements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a sectional "iew of my improved turbine, the plane of the section being lengthwise of the axis. Fig. 2 represents a section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modification. Fig. 4 represents a section on line 4 4 of Fig. 3.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, (0 represents the shaft of the turbine, to which is aflixed the hub Z) of the turbine body or disk I), said disk being preferably a solid metal plate slotted for the reception of the turbine blades or buckets hereinafter described. The casing in which the said wheel and its buckets rotate is composed of two parallel side plates 0 c, separated by a space or chamber (Z and asuitable cylindrical confining wall or curb e, which forms the inclosing wall of said chamber and is bolted to the margins of the plates 0 c. The plates 0 0 are providedwith central outwardly-projecting enlargements c 0', which contain annular steam spaces or chambers 0 communicating with the inner portion of the chamber d. Steam is admitted to the chambers 0 through suitable inlet-pipesff, the steam passing'from the Chambers 0 outwardly into the chamber (Z, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1.

The plates 0 0, their enlargements c c, and the confining wall or curb c constitute the casing of the turbine, and the inner substantially cylindrical walls'c c of the enlargements 0 c, which closely surround the shaft to and hub Z), serve to protect or shield the latter from the action of the live steam, which enters the chambers c from the pipes f f. Practically, therefore, the chambers c constitute live-steam ports in the casing, which ports are entirelyseparated from the wheel-shaft space. I

The wheel or disk 6 is provided with blades or buckets g, which project at equal distances from the opposite sides of the disk 0? into the subdivisions of the chamber 03, formed by said disk. Each blade is preferably formed by inserting a thin strip of metal into a slot formed through the disk d, theblades and slots being tangentially arranged, as shown in Fig. 2. There are two or more annular series of blades, three series being shown in the present instance, each annular series being separated from the next by an annular space.

The casing is provided with flanges h, suit ably affixed to the side plates 0 c and projecting into the spaces between said side plates and the disk d, said flanges alternating with the blades or buckets g. In the flanges it are formed tangental ports or steam-guides it, the angle of these ports being opposite to that of the blades g, as shown in Fig. 2. The outer surface of each flange h is in close proximity to the inner edge of a series of blades 9, and between the outer edges of the blades of each series and the next flange h is an annular steamspace 'i.

It will be seen that the steam passing from the central chambers c outwardly into the chamber d is given a tangential direction by the first series of ports or guides h and is caused to strike the blades g of the first series substantially at right angles with the inner faces of said blades, steam passing outwardly into the first space z'and being then deflected as before by the second series of ports 72/ and directed against the second series of blades, and so on until the steam enters the outer space i, from which the exhaust-steam escapesthrough an outlet-passage m.

It will be seen that the successive increase in the diameter of each flange h and series of blades gfrom the center outwardly provides for an eflicient expansive action of the steam as it passes from the center to the margin of the chamber (Z. Furthermore, the annular spaces or chambers 2' between the diiferent series of ports and blades permits the steam to expand in said chambers, so as to equalize the pressure through the ports or steam-guides surrounding said spaces or chambers. Hence I obtain the maximum eificiency and economy in the employment of the steam.

In Figs. 3 and 4 1 show a modification in which the spaces 2' between the flanges h and the blades 9 are omitted, the inner edges of the blades 9 being in close proximity to the outer edges of the flanges it, so that the steam passes directly from the outer edge of each series of buckets or blades into the next series of ports.

The location of the wheel at the center of the steam-chamber, so that it partially subdivides said chamber, together with the employment of alternating blades and guides at opposite sides of the wheel, causes a balancing action and greatly increases the efiectiveness.

I claim 1. A steam-turbine having fixed ports or guides arranged in annular series, and a shaft having blades arranged in annular series alternating with the fixed ports, annular expansion and equalizing chambers being formed between the ports and blades.

2. A steam-turbine comprising a casing having an annular steam-chamber, a shaft journaled in said casing and having a Wheel or disk located in and partially subdividing said chamber, fixed inwardly-projecting annular flanges inside the casing at opposite sides of the wheel and having tangential ports or guides, and annularly arranged tangential blades projecting from opposite sides of the wheel and alternating with said guides, said blades being separated from the port-flanges to form expansion and equalizing chambers between the port-flanges and blades.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE coDE.

VV'itnesses:

HARVEY K. FLAGLER, C. F. BROWN. 

